G.fast

G.fast yog tus qauv digital subscriber kab (DSL) raws li kev cai rau lub zos loops luv tshaj 500 m, nrog kev kawm lub hom phiaj ntawm 150 Mbit / s thiab 1 Gbit / s, nyob ntawm lub voj ntev. ^[1] Kev kub ceev tsuas yog ua tiav dhau luv luv loops. Txawm hais tias G.fast yog thawj tsim los rau loops luv dua 250 meters, Sckipio nyob rau thaum ntxov 2015 qhia G.fast xa mus ceev tshaj 100 Mbit / s ze li ntawm 500 meters thiab EU tshaj tawm ib qhov kev tshawb nrhiav. ^[2]

Cov ntaub ntawv raug luam tawm tau tshaj li ITU-T G.9700 thiab G.9701 , nrog kev pom zoo ntawm G.9700 nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 2014 thiab kev tso cai ntawm G.9701 muab rau Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 5, 2014. ^{[1] [3] [4] [ 5]} Kev txhim kho yog sib koom tes nrog Broadband Forum FTTdp (fiber ntau rau qhov chaw faib tawm). ^{[6] Nyob Zoo [7]}

Tsab ntawv G hauv G.fast yog rau ITU-T G series ntawm kev pom zoo; yoojyim yog ib qho kev siv lus ceev ceev rau cov neeg siv kev pabcuam qeeb . ^[8] Kev sib tw ua qauv qhia tau tsawg yog tau qhia txog thaum xyoo 2013. ^[9] Cov thawj chipsets tau pib rau lub Kaum Hlis 2014, nrog kev lag luam kho vajtse hauv xyoo 2015, thiab thawj zaug pib thaum xyoo 2016. ^{[10] [11] [12]}

Txheem

[ nkaum ]

• 1 Technology

• 1.1 Kev Teebmeem

• 1.2 Duplex

• 1.3 Channel coding

• 1.4 Lub thev naus laus zis

• 2 Kev Ua Tau

• 3 Txuas scenarios

• 4 XG-ceev

• 5 G.fast internet pab cuam

• 6 Cov Lus Qhia

• 7 Sab nraud txuas

Tshuab [ hloov khoom ]

Modulation [ kho ]

Zaus spectrum ntawm G.fast tus qauv piv rau VDSL2

Nyob rau hauv G.fast, cov ntaub ntawv raug hloov kho kom siv cov kev sib txuam ua ntau discrete (DMT), xws li hauv VDSL2 thiab ADSL feem ntau. ^[13] G.fast modulates txog li 12 ntsis ib DMT ntau zaus cov cab kuj, txo los ntawm 15 hauv VDSL2 kom tsis yooj yim vim li cas. ^[14]

Tus thawj version ntawm G.fast yuav qhia kom meej 106 MHz profiles, nrog 212 MHz profiles npaj rau yav tom ntej hloov, piv rau 8.5, 17.664, lossis 30 MHz profiles nyob VDSL2. ^[1] Cov kev qhia no cuam tshuam txog FM xov tooj band ntawm 87.5 thiab 108 MHz, nrog rau ntau yam kev sib txuas lus rau tub rog thiab tsoomfwv. Txwv tsis pub cuam tshuam rau cov xov tooj cua, ITU-T G.9700 kev pom zoo, hu ua G.fast-psd, qhia txog ntau yam cuab yeej los ua kom muaj zog ntawm qhov sib npaug ; ^[8] G.9701, G.fast-phy, codenamed G.fast-phy, yog G.fast lub cev txheej txheej txheem. ^{[6] [15]} Pab kom muaj kev ua neej nrog ADSL2 thiab ntau hom VDSL2, pib zaus tau teem rau 2.2, 8.5, 17.664, lossis 30 MHz, ntsig txog. ^[1]

Duplex [ hloov khoom ]

G.fast siv lub sij hawm sib faib duplexing (TDD), raws li tsis tau mus rau ADSL2 thiab VDSL2, uas siv zaus qhov kev sib faib duplexing . ^[1] Kev them nyiaj rau symmetry cim ntawm 90/10 thiab 50/50 yog yuav tsum tau, 50/50 rau 10/90 yog nyob ntawm yeem. ^[1] TDD qhov tsis tshua muaj peev xwm siv tau los txhawb cov zog qis zog, uas tus transmitter thiab receiver tsis muaj mob xiam oob khab ntev tshaj li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev khiav hauj lwm sab nrauv thiab nqes qis. Qhov kev yeem ua haujlwm tsis txaus siv no ua rau kev lag luam tawm ntawm kev sib tw thiab kev siv hluav taws xob. ^[1]

Channel coding [ Kho kom raug ]

Qhov kev txhim kho tom ntej (FEC) lub tswv yim siv trellis coding thiab Reed-Solomon coding yog zoo li VDSL2. ^[1] FEC tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv suab nrov. Los ntawm qhov kawg, lub suab nrov tiv thaiv impulse (INP) cov ntaub ntawv retransmission teev rau ADSL2, ADSL2, thiab VDSL2 nyob rau hauv G.998.4 kuj muaj nyob hauv G.fast. ^[1] Yuav teb rau cov kev hloov hauv kev hloov hauv cov suab nrov los sis suab nrov, kev hloov ceev ceev (FRA) ua kom ceev (<1 ms)="" reconfiguration="" ntawm="" cov="" ntaub="" ntawv="" tus=""> ^{[1] [16]}

Vectoring [ Kho kom raug ]

Kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv G.fast systems tsuas yog siv rau ntau yam ntawm crosstalk ntawm ntau cov khub xaim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kab xwb . ^{[13] [14]} Txaus Siab Tawm (Self-FEXT) (qaum kawg ntawm Crosstalk), kuj hu ua vectoring, yog hauv G.fast. Vectoring technology rau VDSL2 twb tau teev tseg los ntawm ITU-T nyob rau hauv G.993.5, tseem hu ua G.vector . Tus thawj version ntawm G.fast yuav pab txhawb qhov kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem linear preciping nyob hauv G.vector, nrog cov uas tsis yog linear preceding npaj rau kev hloov kho yav tom ntej. ^{[1] [13]} Xeem los ntawm Huawei thiab Alcatel qhia tias cov uas tsis yog-linear preciping algorithms tuaj yeem muab kwv yees li ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 25% piv rau txoj kev tawm hauv siab heev; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nyuaj nyuaj ua rau kev siv teeb meem, kev siv zog ntau dua, thiab ntau dua cov nqi. ^[13] Txij li tag nrho G.fast cov kev tswj tam sim no tsuas yog siv tau rau 106 MHz, uas tsis yog-linear precoding yields me ntsis kev nce qib. Es tsis txhob, tam sim no cov kev siv kom xa ib tug gigabit yog tsom rau tsevneeg, lub zog thiab ntau lub khoom rau ib qho chaw hertz.

Kev kawm [ hloov ]

Nyob hauv cov kev xeem tau ua tiav hauv Lub Xya Hli 2013 los ntawm Alcatel-Lucent thiab Telekom Austria siv cov khoom pov thawj, kev sib sau (cov nqi ntawm qhov sib ntxiv thiab kev sib tw) cov nqi ntawm 1.1 Gbit / s tau tiav ntawm 70 m thiab 800 Mbit / s ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 100 m, nyob rau hauv kuaj mob nrog ib kab nkaus xwb. ^{[14] [17]} Ntawm cov laus, cov hlua khib nyiab, sib sau cov nqi ntawm 500 Mbit / s tau ntawm 100 m. ^[14]

• ^A A voj kev ncaj yog ib tug neeg siv xov tooj (lub zos lub voj) tsis muaj choj cov kais dej .

• ^B Cov kev teev muaj nqis yog aggregate (tag nrho cov nqi xa tawm thiab download) cov nqi ntaub ntawv.

Txiag scenarios [ hloov ]

Lub rooj sab laj Broadband yog tshawb xyuas cov qauv ntawm G.fast thiab muaj, txij ntawm Tsib Hlis 2014, txheeb tau 23 siv cov xwm txheej. ^[1] Kev loj hlob scenarios nrog G.fast coj fiber ntau ze dua rau cov qhua tuaj noj dua li cov VDSL2 FTTN (fiber ntau rau ntawm), tiam sis tsis heev rau cov neeg hauv vaj tse xws li hauv FTTH (fiber ntau hauv tsev). ^{[12] [19]} Lub sijhawm FTTdp (fiber ntau rau ntawm qhov chaw faib tawm) feem ntau yog txuam nrog G.fast, zoo ib yam li FTTN ua rau VDSL2. Hauv FTTdp cov kev xa tawm, tsawg tus neeg ntawm cov neeg nyob ze ntawm 200-300 m txuas rau ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes, uas ua raws li DSL access multiplexer (DSLAM). ^{[12] [19]} Raws li kev sib piv, hauv ADSL2 deployments DSL yuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv paus (CO) ntawm 5 km ntawm cov neeg siv, thaum nyob hauv VDSL2 deployments hauv DSLAM yog nyob rau hauv ib txoj kab rau thiab ua haujlwm pabcuam ntau pua tus neeg ntawm cov neeg tuaj mus txog li 1 km. ^{[12] [14]} VDSL2 tseem siv dav hauv fiber ntau rau hauv qab daus. ^[20]

Ib lub G.fast FTTdp fiber ntau muaj kwv yees loj ntawm ib qho loj shoebox thiab tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm ncej lossis hauv av. ^{[12] [21]} Nyob rau hauv FTTB (fiber ntau rau hauv qab daus), lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog nyob hauv qab daus ntawm ntau lub tsev (MDU) thiab G.fast yog siv rau hauv xov tooj. ^[19] Nyob rau hauv ib lub fibre mus rau pem hauv ntej vaj tse scenario, txhua txoj hlua hluav taws xob ua hauj lwm ib zaug hauv tsev. ^[19] Lub tshuab hluav taws xob kuj yuav thim rov qab los ntawm tus neeg siv lub modem. ^[19] Rau lub backtaul ntawm FTTdp fiber ntau, Broadband Forum FTTdp architecture muab GPON , XG-PON1 , EPON , 10G-EPON , point-to-point fiber ntau Ethernet , thiab sib koom VDSL2 raws li kev xaiv. ^{[7] [22]}

Yav dhau los FCC thawj ntawm cov neeg khiav dej num Blair Levin tau qhia tias kev tsis ntseeg siab tias US ISPs muaj cov txiaj ntsim zoo txaus los txais yuav G.fast technology. ^[23]

XG-ceev [ kho ]

Alcatel-Lucent npaj tau lub ntsiab lus ntawm XG-FAST, 5th generation broadband (5GBB) technology uas muaj peev xwm ua tau xa 10 Gbit / s cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua li cov khub luv luv. Nws tau pom hais tias ntau cov nqi ntawm ntau tus gigabit tau tiav tau ntau tshaj qhov poob txog ntawm 130 m, nrog cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqi ntau dua 10 Gbit / s ntawm cov looj kauj vab. ^[24]

Lub tshuab XG-FAST yuav ua kom muaj fiber-rau-tus-frontage (FTTF) deployments ua, uas ua rau ntau cov hurdles nrog tus FTTH roll-out txwm. Tib neeg siv XG-FAST cov khoom siv yuav yog ib feem ntawm FTTH cov kev xa tawm, thiab zoo li kev pab cuam leeb thoob ntiaj teb yais tawm ntawm FTTH cov kev pabcuam. Ntxiv mus, FTTF XG-FAST network tau muab kev pabcuam kev tswjfwm hauv thaj chaw thiab ntau tus nqi siv nyiaj ntau-gigabit rov qab rau 5G wireless networks yav tom ntej. ^{[24] [25] [26]}

G.fast internet pabcuam [ hloov ]

Swisscom
Rau 2016-10-18 Swisscom (Switzerland) Ltd launched G.fast nyob rau hauv Switzerland tom qab ntau tshaj plaub-theem xyoo theem. Nyob rau hauv thawj kauj ruam G.fast yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv FTTdp ib puag ncig. Swisscom ua hauj lwm ua ke nrog nws cov khoos phis tawj Huawei uas yog tus lag luam ntawm G.fast micro-nodes (DSLAMs) uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov tuav. ^[27]

Frontier Communications
Nokia thiab Frontier Communications yog los tso G.fast rau hauv ib qhov kev pabcuam pilot hauv Connecticut . ^[28]

M-net Telekommunikations GmbH
Bavarian tus neeg teb xov tooj M-net Telekommunikations GmbH tshaj tawm xyoo 2017-05-30 tias nws yog qhov kev pabcuam G.fast cov kev pabcuam hauv Munich. M-net cov lus qhia ua tus thawj nqa dej khiav G.fast hauv Tebchaws Yelemees. ^[29]

AT & T
Txog xyoo 2017-08-22 AT & T tau tshaj tawm nws yog qhov xa tawm G.fast cov kev pabcuam hauv 22 lub tsev tubrog nkoj hauv US. ^[30]

Openreach
Openreach pib lawv cov kev pabcuam G.fast rau lub UK thaum 16th Lub Ib Hlis 2017.

References [ Kho kom raug ]

1. ^ Dhia mus rau: Ua ^{ib qho kev ua haujlwm ntawm} Van der Putten, Frank (2014-05-20). "Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm G.fast: Cov ntsiab lus xaus thiab sij hawm" (PDF) . G.fast Summit 2014 . Tshawb Tau 2014-10-09.

2. Dhia li "100+ Mb / s 400 meters" . G.fast News . Fast Xov Tooj. Lub Ob Hlis 4, 2015.

3. Dhia li ^ "G.9700: Kev nkag mus rau cov neeg siv kev pabcuam qeeb (G.fast) - Lub zog ntawm tus zog spectral density" . ITU-T. 2014-12-19. Tshawb Fawb 2015-02-03.

4. Zaug ^ ^ G.9701: Kev nkag mus rau cov neeg siv kev pabcuam (G.fast) - Kev qhia tawm ntawm lub cev " . ITU-T. 2014-12-18. Tshawb Fawb 2015-02-03.

5. Dhia li ^ "G.fast broadband cov kev pom zoo thiab hauv kev ua lag luam" . ITU-T. 2014-12-05. Tshawb Fawb 2015-02-03.

6. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{a b} "Tshiab ITU broadband txuj vas nthiv lem kev mus rau 1 Gbit / s" . ITU-T. 2013-12-11. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

7. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{a b} Starr, Tom (2014-05-20). "Accelerating copper mus txog rau ib tug Gigabit hauv lub Rooj Sab Laj Tshaj Tawm" (PDF) . G.fast Summit 2014 . Lub rooj sablaj loj. Tshawb Fawb 2015-03-13.

8. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{a b} "ITU-T kev ua haujlwm program - G.9700 (ex G.fast-psd) - Kev nkag mus rau cov neeg siv xovtooj (FAST) - Lub zog ntawm tus zog spectral ceev nruj" . ITU-T. 2014-01-29. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-14.

9. Dhia li ^ Ricknäs, Mikael (2013-07-02). "Alcatel-Lucent muab DSL tes hauj lwm ib qhov chaw loj tshaj" . PCWorld. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

10. Dhia li ^ "Sckipio Unveils G.fast Chipsets" . lightreading.com. 2014-10-07. Tshawb Tau 2014-10-09.

11. Dhia li ^ Hardy, Stephen (2014-10-22). "G.fast ONT muaj ntxov xyoo tom ntej no hais tias Alcatel-Lucent" . lightwaveonline.com. Tshawb Tau 2014-10-23.

12. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{ib qho kev ua si} , Tim (2013-08-05). "G.fast muab Gigabit Broadband ceev rau cov neeg siv khoom sib npaug (FTTdp)" . PC Lub Phiaj xwm. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

13. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{ib qho} "G.fast: Nkag Mus Los Nkag Mus Siv Hauv Gigabit" . Huawei. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

14. ^ Dhia mus txog rau: Tsab Cai, Pov Pov; Vanhastel, Stefaan (2013-07-04). "Cov zauv muaj nyob rau hauv: Vectoring 2.0 Ua G.fast Faster" . TechZine . Alcatel Lucent. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

15. Dhia ^ ^ ITU-T kev ua hauj lwm - G.9701 (ex G.fast-phy) - Yoo Access rau Subscriber Terminals (G.fast) - Physical layer specification " . ITU-T. 2014-01-07. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-14.

16. Dhia ^ xim av, Les (2014-05-20). "Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm G.fast: Functionalities tseem ceeb thiab kev taw qhia txog kev tsim cov lus pom zoo G.9700 thiab G.9701" (PDF) . G.fast Summit 2014 . Tshawb Fawb 2015-03-13.

17. Dhia li ^ Ricknäs, Mikael (2013-12-12). "ITU standardizes 1Gbps dhau tooj liab, tab sis cov kev pab yuav tsis tuaj txog 2015" . Kev Tshaj Tawm IDG. Luam tawm ntawm thawj qhov ntawm 2014-02-13. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

18. Dhia ^ ^ "Suddenly, G.fast yog 500 meters, tsis 200 meters" .

19. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{ib qho khoom plig} , Steve (2012-08-14). "G.fast: ib nqe lus nug ntawm cov xov tooj cua tawb, cwj pwm, raug kaw hauv tsev loj cuj thiab sab hauv tsev sab nraum zoov engineers" . telecoms.com. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

20. Hloov siab ^ "Kev npaj ntawm Fibre rau lub Curb Siv Siv G. Kev Coj Zis hauv Ntau Yam Dab Scenarios - Volume 2, No.1, Lub Peb Hlis 2014 - Lus Cog Tseg Lus Qhia Txog Cov Lus Qhia" . LNIT. Tshawb Tau 2014-07-19.

21. Dhia tuaj ^ Maes, Jochen (2014-05-20). "Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Copper" (PDF) . G.fast Summit 2014 . Alcatel-Lucent. Tshawb Fawb 2015-03-13.

22. Dhia li Gurrola, Elliott (2014-08-01). "PON / xDSL Hybrid Access Agencies" . PON / xDSL Hybrid Access Agencies . Elsevier Optical Switching thiab Networking. 14 : 32-42. doi : 10.1016 / j.osn.2014.01.004 .

23. Dhia li ^ Talbot, David (2013-07-30). "Adapting Old-Style Xov Tooj Ntawv rau Superfast Internet: Alcatel-Lucent tau qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li cov ntaub ntawv-ntaub ntawv-kis ceev hauv xov tooj-tab sis cov ISPs yuav txais nws?" . MIT Tshuab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas. Tshawb Tau 2014-02-13.

24. ^ Dhia mus txog: ^{a b} "IEEE Xplore Daim Ntawv Xaj - XG-yoo: 5th tiam broadband" . IEEE.org.

25. Dhia li ^ "NBN Co tua kom ceev copper speeds nrog XG.FAST sim" . nwsnews.com.au.

26. Dhia li ^ "XG.FAST yuav tsis obviate xav tau kev hloov tooj, hais tias Internet Australia" . Delimiter.com.au.

27. Dhia ^ "Swisscom xovxwm tso tawm 2016/10/18" . swisscom.com.

28. Dhia ^ ^ "Nokia thiab Frontier nais xa deploy G.fast technology los nthuav cov gigabit ultra-broadband nkag thoob Connecticut" . Nokia . Tshawb nrhiav 21 Lub Rau Hli 2017.

29. Dhia li ^ M-net (2017-05-30). "G.fast Deutschlandpremiere in München" .

30. Zaug --- Sean Buckley (2017-08-22). "AT & T pib ua lag luam Gfast cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv 22 US xov xwm kev lag luam" .